{"id":452,"date":"2015-11-06T09:40:24","date_gmt":"2015-11-06T09:40:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/molekuleredebiyat.com\/hakverdioglu\/?p=452"},"modified":"2020-04-19T18:45:11","modified_gmt":"2020-04-19T18:45:11","slug":"turk-dili-dersleri-notlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/molekuleredebiyat.com\/?p=452","title":{"rendered":"T\u00dcRK D\u0130L\u0130 DERSLER\u0130 NOTLARI"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SORU \u00d6RNEKLER\u0130<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Dili Dersinin \u00f6nemi hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinizi yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Ni\u00e7in imla ve noktalamaya dikkat ederiz?<\/p>\n

1 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerden hangisi <\/strong>“Sana bu kitab\u0131 do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcnde hediye etmi\u015ftim.” c\u00fcmlesiyle yap\u0131ca \u00f6zde\u015ftir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) Sizin \u00f6nce bana gelmeniz daha uygun olur.<\/p>\n

B) Tekrar ne zaman gelece\u011fini size s\u00f6yledi mi?<\/p>\n

C) S\u00fcrekli seni beklemekten inan b\u0131kt\u0131m.<\/p>\n

D) Roman\u0131n ikinci cildi birincisinden daha g\u00fczel.<\/p>\n

E) Senden \u00e7ok \u015feyler beklendi\u011fini biliyorsun.<\/p>\n

2\u00a0\u00a0 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisinde c\u00fcmle, yap\u0131ca di\u011ferlerin\u00adden farkl\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) \u00c7ocuk \u00f6zlemini gidermek i\u00e7in evlat edindi.<\/p>\n

B) Bu soruyu ilk ben \u00e7\u00f6zmek isterdim.<\/p>\n

C) Kitaplar bilgimizi art\u0131r\u0131r, s\u00f6zc\u00fck da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 geli\u015ftirir<\/p>\n

D) Basmakal\u0131p c\u00fcmlelerle bilgili g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

E)\u00a0\u00a0 Soru sorulmazsa, insan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme h\u0131z\u0131 yava\u015flar.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n Anadolu\u2019ya dokundu\u011fu yerde ilk kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z,<\/p>\n

Harranl\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n y\u00fczleridir. (II) G\u00f6lgenin ve<\/p>\n

\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n uyumunu yakalamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z s\u0131rada, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<\/p>\n

bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun size yolun kenar\u0131ndan el sallad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz.<\/p>\n

(III) Irmakta tuttu\u011fu bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, a\u011fa\u00e7tan toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 elmay\u0131<\/p>\n

ya da otlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan derledi\u011fi yaban \u00e7i\u00e7eklerini,<\/p>\n

alman\u0131z i\u00e7in size uzat\u0131r. (IV) Oradan ge\u00e7en bir yolcu olarak<\/p>\n

onlar\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir umut oldu\u011funuzu b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle<\/p>\n

bilemezsiniz. (V) \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcklere k\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir<\/p>\n

d\u00fcnyay\u0131 hayal bile edemediklerinden, araban\u0131z \u00fcstlerine<\/p>\n

tozlar savursa da size hi\u00e7 i\u00e7erlemezler.<\/p>\n

3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu par\u00e7adaki numaralanm\u0131\u015f c\u00fcmlelerden hangisinde \u00f6\u011felerin s\u0131ralan\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u201cDuvar\u0131n dibindeki k\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce<\/strong><\/p>\n

Harran Kalesi\u2019nde bir ak\u015fam\u00fcst\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m o esmer<\/strong><\/p>\n

k\u0131z\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc an\u0131msad\u0131m.\u201d<\/strong> c\u00fcmlesiyle<\/p>\n

ayn\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n

A) I. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B) II. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C) III.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D) IV. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E) V.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

4\u00a0\u00a0 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerin hangisinde aras\u00f6z kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u00adt\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A) Bu sene T\u00fcrkiye’nin kuzeyini, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en ye\u015fil b\u00f6lgesini, ge\u00adzece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

B) Ak\u0131ll\u0131 ve mant\u0131kl\u0131 insan, her zaman sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zme\u00adyi ba\u015far\u0131r.<\/p>\n

C) \u00c7ok sakin denilen k\u00f6y, insanlardan, arabalardan ge\u00e7il\u00admiyordu.<\/p>\n

D) Pazara gideceksen, bize de elma, \u00e7ilek ve erik al.<\/p>\n

E)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Toplumsal yenilikler, her zaman, her toplumda zor kabul edilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Zenginin mal\u0131<\/span> z\u00fc\u011f\u00fcrd\u00fcn \u00e7enesini yorarm\u0131\u015f<\/strong>.”<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki atas\u00f6z\u00fcnde bulunan alt\u0131 \u00e7izili tamlama\u00adn\u0131n \u00f6zde\u015fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki atas\u00f6zlerinin hangisinde var\u00add\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) Baba mal\u0131 tez t\u00fckenir, mal\u0131 evlat kazana.<\/p>\n

B) El yaras\u0131 ge\u00e7er, dil yaras\u0131 ge\u00e7mez.<\/p>\n

C) \u0130yili\u011fe iyilik olsayd\u0131, koca \u00f6k\u00fcze b\u0131\u00e7ak olmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

D) Kurtla ortak olan tilkinin hissesi ya ba\u011f\u0131rsakt\u0131r, ya t\u0131rnak.<\/p>\n

E) Da\u011f ba\u015f\u0131ndan duman, yi\u011fit ba\u015f\u0131ndan boran eksik olmaz.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tak\u0131s\u0131z ad tamlamalar\u0131nda, tamlayan, tamlanan\u0131n neye benzedi\u011fini ya da neden yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

6\u00a0\u00a0 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerin hangisi bu a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilemez?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) Annemin y\u0131llar \u00f6nce \u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fcn kaza\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 kulla\u00adn\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n

B) Gece evimize giren h\u0131rs\u0131zlar, annemin alt\u0131n bilezik\u00adlerini al\u0131p ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n

C) Marmara’da deprem oldu\u011funda e\u011flencesine ara vermeyen kat\u0131 y\u00fcrekli insanlar da var bu memle\u00adkette.<\/p>\n

D) Adana’daki ta\u015f k\u00f6pr\u00fc \u00e7ok eski zamanlardan beri ula\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

E) Art\u0131k evlerimizi s\u00fcsleyen saks\u0131lardaki \u00e7i\u00e7eklerin yerlerini naylon \u00e7i\u00e7ekler ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7\u00a0 Bu c\u00fcmledeki anlat\u0131m bozuklu\u011funun nedeni a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisinde verilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) Mant\u0131k hatas\u0131<\/p>\n

B) \u00d6zne eksikli\u011fi<\/p>\n

C) Y\u00fcklem eksikli\u011fi<\/p>\n

D) Gereksiz s\u00f6zc\u00fck kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n

E) Tamlayan eksikli\u011fi<\/p>\n

18. \u201cAli yar\u0131n mutlaka bize gel.\u201d\u00a0 C\u00fcmlesinin\u00a0 \u201cAli\u201d\u00a0 \u00f6\u011fesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisidir?<\/p>\n

A.\u00a0 \u00d6zne\u00a0\u00a0 B. Y\u00fcklem\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00fcmle D\u0131\u015f\u0131 Unsur\u00a0 D. T\u00fcmle\u00e7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E. Nesne<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

8A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerin hangisinde dolayl\u0131 t\u00fcmle\u00e7 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>?<\/p>\n

A) Buradaki insanlar zengindi; ama mutlu de\u011fillerdi.<\/p>\n

B) Okudu\u011fum roman\u0131n \u00e7ok ac\u0131kl\u0131 bir anlat\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

C) Varaca\u011f\u0131m yere erken saatlerde ula\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131m.<\/p>\n

D) Bir g\u00fcn benim hakl\u0131 oldu\u011fumu sen de anlayacaks\u0131n.<\/p>\n

E) G\u00f6nderdi\u011finiz hediyeyi \u00e7ok be\u011fendim<\/p>\n

9A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerin hangisinde s\u00f6zde \u00f6zne vok<\/span>tur?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) Y\u00f6neticilerin olaylar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne kararl\u0131l\u0131kla gitmesi beklenir.<\/p>\n

B) \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n kitaplar<\/em>\u0131, defterleri ve beslenme kutula\u00adr\u0131 \u00e7antalar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

C) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar, i\u015fe co\u015fkuyla ba\u015flarsa her i\u015fin hakk\u0131n\u00addan gelirler.<\/p>\n

D) Konu\u015fmac\u0131, konu\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce sa\u00adlonda sessizlik sa\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

E) Yazar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli gazetelerde yirmi kadar makalesi yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong>Bir g\u00fcn mahallenin ana caddelerinden birinden ge\u00e7er\u00adken ekmek satan yeni bir d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/span> g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

10 Bu c\u00fcmlede alt\u0131 \u00e7izili b\u00f6l\u00fcm c\u00fcmlenin hangi \u00f6\u011fesidir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) \u00d6zne \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B) Belirtisiz nesne<\/p>\n

C) Dolayl\u0131 t\u00fcmle\u00e7 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D) Belirtili nesne<\/p>\n

E) Zarf t\u00fcmleci<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

11 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorulardan hangisi dolayl\u0131 t\u00fcmleci bul\u00addurmaya y\u00f6neliktir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) iki g\u00fcn \u00f6nce beni mi aram\u0131\u015ft\u0131n?<\/p>\n

B) Onun Ankara’ya gelince nerede kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyor musun?<\/p>\n

C) Otob\u00fcs\u00fcn nerede mola verece\u011fini biliyor musun?<\/p>\n

D) Bu s\u00f6zleri kimden duydunuz?<\/p>\n

E) Bu konuda kime ba\u015fvurman gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylediler mi?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cBir e\u015fek var idi zaif \u00fc niz\u00e2r\u201d dizesiyle ba\u015flayan bu mesnevi, ki\u015file\u015ftirme sanat\u0131 ve hiciv t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rneklerindendir. Te\u015fhis sanat\u0131 \u015fiir boyunca devam eder. Boynuz umup kulaktan olan bir e\u015fe\u011fin hikayesidir.
\n 12\u00a0 Par\u00e7ada s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen eser ve yazar\u0131, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerin hangisinde verilmi\u015ftir<\/strong>?<\/p>\n

A)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Beng \u00fc Bade \u2013 Fuzuli
\nB)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0H\u00fcsn \u00fc A\u015fk \u2013 \u015eeyh Galip
\nC)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Garipname \u2013 A\u015f\u0131k Pa\u015fa
\nD)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Harname \u2013 \u015eeyhi
\nE)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Sih\u00e2m-\u0131 Kaz\u00e2 \u2013 Nef\u2019i<\/p>\n

13 <\/strong> 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u015fairler sultan\u0131 olarak an\u0131lan \u015fairimizdir. Genellikle din d\u0131\u015f\u0131 konular\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015ftir. Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman taraf\u0131ndan korunmu\u015f, ondan yard\u0131m g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ahenk ve musikiye \u00f6nem vermi\u015f; s\u00f6z se\u00e7iminde titiz davranm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. En \u00fcnl\u00fc eseri terkib-i bend bi\u00e7iminde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cKanuni Mersiyesi\u201ddir.
\nParagrafta s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen \u015fair a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisidir<\/strong>?
\nA)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nabi
\nB)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fuzuli
\nC)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Baki
\nD)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nef\u2019i
\nE)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u015eeyhi<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

14 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisinin anlam\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f verilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00a0\u00a0 M\u00fctehassis- uzman<\/p>\n

B\u00a0\u00a0 N\u00fcfuz etmek- etkilemek<\/p>\n

C\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selef- eski<\/p>\n

D\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Halef- yeni<\/p>\n

E\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Porte- parasal de\u011fer<\/p>\n

15 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerin hangisinde di\u011ferlerinden farkl\u0131 bir nedenden kaynaklanan anlat\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu vard\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A)\u00a0 R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, iyi bir kaleci ;ancak fazla topla oynuyor.<\/p>\n

B)\u00a0 E\u011fer s\u00fct\u00fc \u00e7ok d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131rsan\u0131z, s\u00fct bozulur.<\/p>\n

C)\u00a0 Penceremden u\u00e7an ku\u015f s\u00fcr\u00fclerini izliyordum.<\/p>\n

D)\u00a0 Sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n eserini\u00a0 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mekan uygunsa, \u00a0\u00a0tabi ki daha orijinal eserler yazacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

E)\u00a0 G\u00fcnde on kez\u00a0 telefon satan d\u00fckkana u\u011frard\u0131.<\/p>\n

16 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerin hangisinde ba\u011fla\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k<\/span> y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bir anlat\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A)\u00a0 Ehliyet alabilmeniz i\u00e7in lise \u00f6\u011freniminizi\u00a0 tamamlaman\u0131z gerekir.<\/p>\n

B)\u00a0 Unudmay\u0131n, gelecekte birg\u00fcn gelecek.<\/p>\n

C)\u00a0 Yar\u0131n Siirt\u2019ten\u00a0 Batman\u2019a gidiyorum.<\/p>\n

D)\u00a0 Kral da dilenci de ayn\u0131 i\u015ftahla ac\u0131k\u0131r.<\/p>\n

E)\u00a0 \u00dclkeler k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la al\u0131n\u0131r; adaletle korunur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cAy bir yandan sen bir yandan sar beni.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu kitap okurlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini allak bullak etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

17 Bu c\u00fcmlenin \u00f6\u011feleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerin hangisinde s\u0131ras\u0131yla do\u011fru olarak verilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) \u00d6zne – nesne – y\u00fcklem<\/p>\n

B) \u00d6zne – y\u00fcklem<\/p>\n

C) \u00d6zne – zarf t\u00fcmleci – y\u00fcklem<\/p>\n

D) \u00d6zne – zarf t\u00fcmleci – nesne – y\u00fcklem<\/p>\n

E) Nesne – zarf t\u00fcmleci \u2013 y\u00fcklem<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

19.\u00a0 \u201cEve gelirse yeme\u011fini yer.\u201d C\u00fcmlesi yap\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisidir?<\/p>\n

A. Basit\u00a0 \u00a0B. S\u0131ral\u0131\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0 \u015eartl\u0131 Birle\u015fik\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D. Giri\u015fik Birle\u015fik\u00a0 E. \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u00e7e Birle\u015fik<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

20. \u201cHakk\u0131d\u0131r Hakk\u2019a tapan milletimin istiklal.\u201dc\u00fcmlesinin \u00f6\u011fe say\u0131s\u0131 ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/p>\n

A-\u00a0 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B- 2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C- 3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E-5<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u015e\u0130\u0130R D\u0130L\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

De\u011ferli arkada\u015flar\u0131m bu dersimizin konusu \u201c\u015eiir Dili\u201ddir.<\/p>\n

Thomas Eliot\u2019a g\u00f6re \u015fiir, en milli sanat dal\u0131d\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir milleti ba\u015fka milletler gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmek kolay oldu\u011fu halde, ona ba\u015fka milletler gibi hissetmeyi \u00f6\u011fretmek imkans\u0131zd\u0131r.[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u015eiirin normal konu\u015fma dilinin \u00fczerinde bir yap\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu herkes\u00e7e bilinir. Bir \u00fcst-dildir \u015fiir dili. Ne var ki bir \u00fcst-dil deyince, her \u015feyde oldu\u011fu gibi bu da abart\u0131ld\u0131 ve olmad\u0131k anlamlara \u00e7ekildi. Bug\u00fcn \u015fiir dili demek; ku\u015f dili gibi bir \u015fey demek oldu neredeyse. Sadece ku\u015f dili bilenlerin anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir dil. Oysa; \u015fiir dili ad\u0131 \u00fczerinde g\u00fczel bir “dil” dir. Samimidir ve y\u00fcre\u011fin dili olmas\u0131 gerekir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin y\u00fcrekte dam\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ifadesini de y\u00fcre\u011fin dilinde bulmas\u0131d\u0131r esas\u0131nda. Yani, s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc y\u00fcrek olan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncedir \u015fiir. \u015eiir dili de i\u015fte budur. Beyinleri dopdolu, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc, birikim kazanm\u0131\u015f duyarl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n, \u015fiirin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da mutlaka bilmesi ko\u015fuluyla; ya\u015fam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki duru\u015flar\u0131ndan ve bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak edindikleri bilgileri, yorumlar\u0131, \u015fair olarak y\u00fcreklerine indirip, oradan d\u0131\u015favurmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fcrek olunca da; daha bir incelik s\u00f6z konusu ve melodisi ile heyecan\u0131 ile y\u00fcrekten y\u00fcre\u011fe bir ak\u0131m ba\u015flayarak insanlar\u0131 kendinden ge\u00e7irebiliyor. Y\u00fcre\u011fin potas\u0131nda erimeyen hi\u00e7bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck \u015fiir olma \u015ferefine eri\u015femez. B\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00f6zc\u00fckler \u015fiir olmak i\u00e7in, \u00f6nce \u015fairin y\u00fcre\u011fine gireceklerdir. \u00d6nceki hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 unutup; s\u0131f\u0131r derece anlamda yani n\u00f6tr olarak oraya girecek ve \u015fiir olmak i\u00e7in o s\u0131cak potada di\u011fer s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle \u015fairin y\u00fcre\u011finde birbirleriyle tan\u0131\u015facaklard\u0131r. Ve \u015fairin verdi\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe do\u011fru yol alacaklar; b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn hizmetinde olmak \u00fczere ve sadece o \u015fiire \u00f6zg\u00fc olmak \u00fczere yepyeni anlamlara kavu\u015facaklard\u0131r. \u015eiirin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc ise, par\u00e7alar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda; onu olu\u015fturan s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin toplam\u0131 de\u011fil; onlardan olu\u015fan ama onlar\u0131 epeyce a\u015fan, ilahi bir niteli\u011fe sahip olan ve \u015fairin hayata bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve duru\u015funu da i\u00e7eren ve vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fc de g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7ok \u00f6zel bir durumdur ve onu olu\u015fturan s\u00f6zc\u00fckler bu b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn bir anlamland\u0131rmas\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n hi\u00e7bir \u015feydirler. Ancak o b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn verece\u011fi g\u00f6revi yapt\u0131klar\u0131 oranda \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r ve var olurlar.<\/p>\n

“Sanat Nedir?” adl\u0131 eserinde bak\u0131n ne diyor \u00fcnl\u00fc yazar TOLSTOY<\/a>:
\n“Bir eserin, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in yararl\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, iyi ve k\u00f6t\u00fcy\u00fc ay\u0131rmas\u0131, g\u00fczel ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Sanat ancak, belli bir s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7in de\u011fil, b\u00fcy\u00fck kitleler i\u00e7in yarar sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman s\u00f6z\u00fc edilebilir bir de\u011fere ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

…F\u0131rsat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n her zaman kulland\u0131klar\u0131 bir y\u00f6ntem vard\u0131r. Halk\u0131n kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, dile yerle\u015fmemi\u015f kelimeleri kullanarak, gerekti\u011finde icat ederek halk\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde kendisini y\u00fcceltmek. Bu, ‘ halk, anlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131r’ mant\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olur. Kitleler, bilmedikleri kelimelerin ard\u0131ndan s\u00fcr\u00fcklenirler. Bu arada sanat da t\u00fckenmeye y\u00fcz tutar. “[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

De\u011ferli arkada\u015flar\u0131m, her sanat\u0131n belli kurallar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Tabiidir ki \u015fiirin de kurallar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikleri olacakt\u0131r. \u015eiir\u00a0 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda \u201czevkler ve renkler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaz.\u201d gibi sa\u00e7ma bir \u00f6n kabulle hareket eden insanlar, her sanat\u0131n kendine mahsus\u00a0 kurallar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu hemen g\u00f6zden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Arkada\u015flar,<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte size \u015fiirde bulunmas\u0131 gereken belli ba\u015fl\u0131 \u00f6zellikler. Bu \u00f6zelliklerin hi\u00e7birini\u00a0 bulundurmayan bir \u015fiire g\u00fczel demek en basit tabiri ile \u015fiirden anlamamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0130mge<\/li>\n
  2. Lirizm<\/li>\n
  3. Eksiltilik<\/li>\n
  4. Kesiflik<\/li>\n
  5. G\u00fcnl\u00fck dilden yararlanma<\/li>\n
  6. Bilgelik<\/li>\n
  7. \u0130\u00e7ten anlat\u0131m<\/li>\n
  8. \u00c7okanlaml\u0131l\u0131k (tevriye)<\/li>\n
  9. G\u00f6ndergesel anlam<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    10.\u00a0 \u00d6zel adlardan yararlanma (telmih)<\/p>\n

    11.\u00a0 Yan anlamlar<\/p>\n

    12.\u00a0 Uzak \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar (tenas\u00fcp, mazmun\u2026)<\/p>\n

    13.\u00a0 Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar (tezat)<\/p>\n

    14.\u00a0 Benzetmeler (Te\u015fbih)<\/p>\n

    15.\u00a0 Deyim aktarmas\u0131 (istiare)<\/p>\n

    16.\u00a0 Somutla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/p>\n

    17.\u00a0 \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fc<\/p>\n

    18.\u00a0 Kafiye<\/p>\n

    19.\u00a0 Sapmalar<\/p>\n

    20.\u00a0 S\u00f6z dizimi yap\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Gelin bu \u00f6zellikleri T\u00fcrk \u015fiirinin g\u00fczel \u00f6rneklerinde g\u00f6relim ve bir anlamda bir<\/p>\n

    ta\u015fla iki ku\u015f vural\u0131m: Hem \u015fiir dilinin \u00f6zelliklerini \u00f6\u011frenelim hem de T\u00fcrk \u015fiirini tan\u0131yal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    1\u00a0 \u0130MGE:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u201c\u015eiiri \u015fiir yapan, onun \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan \u00f6\u011felerden biri imge (imaj, hayal) dir. Rus<\/p>\n

    incelemeci Alexander Potebnya bu konuda\u00a0 \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201c\u0130mgesiz(hayalsiz) sanat olmaz; \u015fiir ise hi\u00e7 olmaz.\u201d[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Peki imge nedir?<\/p>\n

    \u0130mge, sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli duyular\u0131yla alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel, \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn dille<\/p>\n

    aktar\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu bir \u015feyi tasvir etmekten \u00f6te farkl\u0131\u00a0 bir dille yorumlamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u015eimdi Ahmet Muhip Dranas\u2019\u0131n Olvido \u015fiirine bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    OLV\u0130DO<\/p>\n

    Hoyratt\u0131r bu ak\u015fam\u00fcst\u00fcler daima.<\/p>\n

    G\u00fcn saltanat\u0131yla gitti mi bir defa<\/p>\n

    Yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zla doldurup her yeri<\/p>\n

    Bir renk \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bah\u00e7emizden,<\/p>\n

    Bir el \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flar boh\u00e7am\u0131zdan<\/p>\n

    Lavanta \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi kokan kederleri;<\/p>\n

    Hoyratt\u0131r bu ak\u015fam\u00fcst\u00fcler daima.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Dalga dalga h\u00fccum edip pi\u015fmanl\u0131klar<\/p>\n

    Unutu\u015fun o tun\u00e7 kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 zorlar<\/p>\n

    Ve ruh, at\u0131lan oklarla delik de\u015fik;<\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fte, do\u011fdu\u011fun eski evdesin birden<\/p>\n

    Yolunu g\u00f6zl\u00fcyor lamba ve merdiven,<\/p>\n

    Susmu\u015f ninnilerle g\u0131c\u0131rd\u0131yor be\u015fik<\/p>\n

    Ve c\u00fcmle yitikler, ma\u011fl\u00fbplar, mahzunlar…<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    YER\u00c7EK\u0130ML\u0130\u00a0 KARANF\u0130L<\/p>\n

    Biliyor musun az az ya\u015f\u0131yorsun i\u00e7imde<\/p>\n

    Oysaki seninle g\u00fczel olmak var<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rne\u011fin rak\u0131 i\u00e7iyoruz, i\u00e7imize bir karanfil d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor gibi<\/p>\n

    Bir a\u011fa\u00e7 i\u015fliyor t\u0131k\u0131r t\u0131k\u0131r yan\u0131m\u0131zda<\/p>\n

    Midemdi akl\u0131md\u0131 \u015fu kadarc\u0131k kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

    Edip Cansever<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0130mge i\u00e7in divan edebiyat\u0131, halk edebiyat\u0131, yeni T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 ayr\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lamaz. Her devirde \u015fiirde imge kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fte Baki:<\/p>\n

    A\u00e7\u0131l bagun g\u00fcl \u00fc nesr\u00eeni ol ruhsar\u0131 g\u00f6rs\u00fcnler<\/p>\n

    Sal\u0131n serv \u00fc sanavber \u015five-i reft\u00e2r\u0131 g\u00f6rs\u00fcnler<\/p>\n

    Sen y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7, bah\u00e7enin g\u00fcl\u00fc, o yana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rs\u00fcnler. Sal\u0131narak y\u00fcr\u00fc de servi ve \u00e7amlar, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndeki g\u00fczelli\u011fi, ba\u015fkal\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rs\u00fcnler (k\u0131skans\u0131nlar).<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fte Nam\u0131k Kemal:<\/p>\n

    Felek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc esb\u00e2b-\u0131 cef\u00e2s\u0131n toplas\u0131n gelsin<\/p>\n

    D\u00f6nersem kahbeyim millet yolunda bir azimetten<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fte Erzurumlu Emrah:<\/p>\n

    Sabahtan u\u011frad\u0131 ben bir fidana<\/p>\n

    Dedim mahmur musun\u00a0 dedi ki yok yok<\/p>\n

    Ak elleri bo\u011fum bo\u011fum k\u0131nal\u0131<\/p>\n

    Dedim yar bayram m\u0131d\u0131r s\u00f6yledi yok yok.<\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fte Cemal S\u00fcreya<\/strong><\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/p>\n

    S\u0130Z\u0130N H\u0130\u00c7 BABANIZ \u00d6LD\u00dc M\u00dc?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Sizin hi\u00e7 baban\u0131z \u00f6ld\u00fc m\u00fc?
    \nBenim bir kere \u00f6ld\u00fc k\u00f6r oldum
    \nY\u0131kad\u0131lar ald\u0131lar g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler
    \nBabamdan ummazd\u0131m bunu k\u00f6r oldum
    \nSiz hi\u00e7 hamama gittiniz mi?
    \nBen gittim lamban\u0131n biri s\u00f6nd\u00fc
    \nG\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn biri s\u00f6nd\u00fc k\u00f6r oldum
    \nTepede bir g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc vard\u0131 yuvarlak
    \n\u015e\u00f6ylemesine maviydi k\u00f6r oldum
    \nTa\u015flara gelince hamam ta\u015flar\u0131na
    \nTa\u015flar p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ayna gibiydi
    \nTa\u015flarda y\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm
    \nBir \u015fey gibiydi bir \u015fey gibi k\u00f6t\u00fc
    \nY\u00fcz\u00fcmden ummazd\u0131m bunu k\u00f6r oldum
    \nSiz hi\u00e7 sabunluyken a\u011flad\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131?<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Dikkat ediniz \u015fiirin neredeyse tamam\u0131 imgelerden olu\u015fuyor. \u00d6rnekler i\u00e7in bkz. Do\u011fan Aksan, \u015eiir Dili ve T\u00fcrk \u015eiir Dili, Ankara 1993.<\/p>\n

    2 L\u0130R\u0130ZM:<\/p>\n

    \u015eiirde lirizm konuyla yak\u0131ndan alakal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fcm, gurbet, ayr\u0131l\u0131k, anne gibi konularda lirizm yakalanamazsa \u015fiirin etkisi zay\u0131flar.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rne\u011fin, annesini kaybeden \u015fair bak\u0131n nas\u0131l duygulan\u0131yor ve duyguland\u0131r\u0131yor:<\/p>\n

    ADI G\u00dcL’D\u00dc!<\/p>\n

    Ad\u0131 G\u00fcl’d\u00fc
    \nG\u00fclleri severdi en \u00e7ok
    \nG\u00fcld\u00fc m\u00fc g\u00fcller a\u00e7ard\u0131 g\u00fcl y\u00fcz\u00fcnde
    \nG\u00fcllerle b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131
    \nHep g\u00fcl beklerdi sevdi\u011finden
    \nBir de ‘g\u00fcl mevsimini’ takvimlerden
    \nBir g\u00fcl kokusuna
    \nBir de ‘g\u00fcl re\u00e7eline’ dayanamazd\u0131
    \nHep g\u00fcller kurutmu\u015ftu
    \nHayat\u0131n\u0131n en hazin sayfalar\u0131nda
    \nHep g\u00fclerek b\u00fcy\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc sevdas\u0131n\u0131
    \nVe her sabah
    \nBir g\u00fcl gibi b\u0131rak\u0131rd\u0131 tebess\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sofraya
    \nT\u0131pk\u0131 s\u0131ms\u0131cak bir ekmek gibi
    \nAh\u015fap bir evin avlusunda
    \nMis kokulu g\u00fclleri derlerdi
    \nVe b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 sadece g\u00fcllere s\u00f6ylerdi
    \nNe zaman bir haks\u0131zl\u0131k g\u00f6rse
    \nKanayan bir g\u00fcl gibi
    \nAhh bu d\u00fcnyada
    \nG\u00fcl\u00fc g\u00fclle tartsalar derdi<\/p>\n

    Ne okur ne yazard\u0131
    \nA\u011flasa g\u00fclleri sular
    \nG\u00fclse g\u00fclleri ok\u015fard\u0131
    \nAma ne zaman i\u00e7li bir \u015fark\u0131 duysa
    \nG\u00fcllere bakar uzun uzun dalard\u0131<\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fte \u00f6yle bir \u00e7i\u00e7ekti
    \n\u015eiirimin ucunda g\u00fclden bir kalemdi
    \n\u0130\u015fte o kad\u0131n
    \nBenim annemdi.<\/p>\n

    Bir bilseniz
    \nNe g\u00fcller ye\u015fertti hayat\u0131n dikenlerinden
    \nD\u00f6kerek g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131n\u0131
    \nVe \u015fimdi
    \nO g\u00fcller s\u00fcsl\u00fcyor onun mezar ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131… <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ahmet Sel\u00e7uk \u0130lkan<\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    3\u00a0 EKS\u0130LT\u0130L\u0130K<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    K\u0131sa anlat\u0131m\u0131n en belirgin \u00f6rnekleri Japon\u00a0 \u015fiirinde yer alan \u201chaiku\u201dlard\u0131r. Belli bir duygu anlat\u0131l\u0131ken\u00a0 \u00e7ok az s\u00f6zle; ama \u00e7ok geni\u015f anlam de\u011feri olan s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle k\u0131sa anlat\u0131m, eksilti sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u015eiirimizde m\u0131sra-\u0131 bercesteler bu tipin en bariz \u00f6rnekleridir.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Melali anlamayan nesle a\u015fin\u00e2 de\u011filiz (Ahmet Ha\u015fim)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    S\u00f6z ola kese sava\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n

    S\u00f6z ola bitire ba\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n

    S\u00f6z ola a\u011fulu a\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n

    Bal ile ya\u011f ede bir s\u00f6z (Yunus Emre)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Geceleri, aydan, evlere girilemiyordu (Ece Ayhan, Zambakl\u0131 Padi\u015fah)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    4 \u00dcST\u00dc KALSIN<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00d6l\u00fcyorum tanr\u0131m<\/p>\n

    Bu da oldu i\u015fte.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Her \u00f6l\u00fcm erken \u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr<\/p>\n

    Biliyorum tanr\u0131m.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Ama, ayr\u0131ca, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fu hayat<\/p>\n

    Fena de\u011fildir…<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00dcst\u00fc kals\u0131n… (Cemal S\u00fcreya, Sevda S\u00f6zleri)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    5 KES\u0130FL\u0130K<\/p>\n

    \u00d6zellikle Divan \u015fiirimizde az s\u00f6zle \u00e7ok \u015fey anlatma; yani kesif anlat\u0131m \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelliktir. M\u0131sra-\u0131 bercesteler (s\u0131\u00e7ram\u0131\u015f, be\u011fenilmi\u015f m\u0131sralar) bu konuda yine en iyi \u00f6rneklerdir:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Avazeyi bu \u00e2leme Davud gibi sal<\/p>\n

    Baki kalan bu kubbede bir ho\u015f sada imi\u015f (Bak\u00ee)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Bir \u015fulesi var ki \u015fem\u2019-i c\u00e2n\u0131n<\/p>\n

    Fa\u00e2nusuna s\u0131\u011fmaz \u00e2sm\u00e2n\u0131n\u00a0 (G\u00e2lib)<\/p>\n

    (Can mumunun \u00f6yle bir alevi vard\u0131r ki,\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc denen fanusa s\u0131\u011fmaz)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u015eeb-i yeld\u00e2y\u0131 m\u00fcneccimle muvakkit ne bil\u00fcr<\/p>\n

    M\u00fcbtel\u00e2-y\u0131 gama sor kim geceler ka\u00e7 saat \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(Sabit)<\/p>\n

    Sunar bir c\u00e2m-\u0131 meml\u00fb bin teh\u00ee peym\u00e2neden sonra
    \nFelek dil\u015fad eder ehl-i dili amma neden sonra (Mezaki-i Mevlevi)<\/p>\n

    \u00c2det budur \u00a0en sonra gelir bezme ek\u00e2bir (Nev\u2019\u00ee)<\/p>\n

    Her kimin var ise zat\u0131nda \u015feraret k\u00fcfr\u00fc<\/p>\n

    Ist\u0131l\u00e2hat-i ul\u00fbm ile m\u00fcselman olmaz.<\/p>\n

    Ger kara ta\u015f\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131l kan ile rengin etsen<\/p>\n

    T\u00e2b\u2019\u0131na ta\u011fyir verip l\u00e2l-i Bedeh\u015fan olmaz.<\/p>\n

    Eylesen tuti\u2019ye talim-i eda-y\u0131 kelimat<\/p>\n

    Nutku insan olur amma ki \u00f6z\u00fc insan olmaz\u00a0 (Fuzul\u00ee)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Bu \u00f6rnekler uzay\u0131p gider; ancak bir ger\u00e7ek var ki, T\u00fcrk \u015fiiri kesifli\u011fi\u00a0 her zaman \u015fiirin vazge\u00e7ilmezi olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    6\u00a0 G\u00dcNL\u00dcK D\u0130LDEN YARARLANMA<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    G\u00fcnl\u00fck dilden yararlanma \u015fiirde do\u011fall\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nplana \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. \u201cKonu\u015fma dilindeki do\u011fal, rahat, zorlamadan uzak s\u00f6yleyi\u015f, \u015fiiri okuyan\/ dinleyence daha i\u00e7ten alg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.\u201d[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Ancak \u015funu hi\u00e7bir zaman unutmamak laz\u0131md\u0131r ki \u015fiir dili daima konu\u015fma dilinden ayr\u0131 ve daha fazla i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck konu\u015fma \u015fiirde bazen kullan\u0131lan bir \u00f6zelliktir.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u201c G\u00fcl\u00fcm \u015f\u00f6yle g\u00fcl\u00fcm b\u00f6yle\u00a0 demektir y\u00e2re mu\u2019tad\u0131m<\/p>\n

    Seni ey g\u00fcl sever c\u00e2n\u0131m ki c\u00e2n\u00e2na hitab\u0131ms\u0131n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (Nedim)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Gerek \u00f6ld\u00fcr gerek ko h\u00fckm h\u00fckm\u00fcn r\u00e2y r\u00e2y\u0131nd\u0131r<\/p>\n

    G\u00f6z\u00fcm c\u00e2n\u0131m efendim sevdi\u011fim devletl\u00fc sultan\u0131m\u00a0 (Fuzul\u00ee)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Ne atom bombas\u0131<\/p>\n

    Ne Londra Konferans\u0131<\/p>\n

    Bir elinde c\u0131mb\u0131z<\/p>\n

    Bir elinde ayna<\/p>\n

    Umurunda m\u0131 d\u00fcnya\u00a0 (Orhan Veli Kan\u0131k)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u201c_Nedir elindeki y\u00e2h\u00fb<\/p>\n

    _Cer\u00eede<\/p>\n

    _ At \u015fu pisi<\/p>\n

    _Neden?<\/p>\n

    _Yalan yaz\u0131yor o\u011flum onlar\u0131n hepsi.<\/p>\n

    _ Ya do\u011fru yazsa asarlar\u2026 Ne oldu \u201cVolkan\u201dc\u0131,<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Unuttunuz mu?<\/p>\n

    _B\u0131rak\u00a0 bo\u015fbo\u011fazl\u0131k etme Hac\u0131!\u201d<\/p>\n

    (Mehmet Akif Ersoy Mahalle Kahvesi)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    7\u00a0\u00a0 B\u0130LGEL\u0130K<\/p>\n

    T\u00fcrk \u015fiirinde bilgelik \u00f6zelikle didaktik \u015fiirlerde zirvelere \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kutadgu Bilig\u2019den ba\u015flayarak bilgi verme, insanlar\u0131 e\u011fitme \u015fiirin en temel konular\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur. Yunus Emre\u2019den Fuzul\u00ee\u2019ye; Mehmet Akif\u2019ten Sezai Karako\u00e7\u2019a bilge \u015fair tavr\u0131 her zaman kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    \u0130lim ilim bilmektir<\/p>\n

    \u0130lim kendin bilmektir<\/p>\n

    Sen kendini bilmezsin<\/p>\n

    Ya nice okumakt\u0131r\u00a0 (Yunus Emre)<\/p>\n

    8\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130\u00c7TEN ANLATIM<\/p>\n

    K\u0131sa , i\u00e7ten anlat\u0131m\u0131n ve \u015fiirde lirizmin en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fiirde Yunus Emre\u2019nin eri\u015filmezli\u011fi belirgin bir nitelik kazanmakta, sunu\u015ftaki i\u00e7tenlik, ritm, yinelemeler ve uyaklarla dilin g\u00fcc\u00fc bu \u015fiirin etkisini b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Acep \u015fu yerde var m’ola \u015f\u00f6yle garip bencileyin
    \nBa\u011fr\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fc ya\u015fl\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle garip bencileyin<\/p>\n

    Gezerim Rum ile \u015eam’\u0131 Yukar\u0131 \u0130ller’i kamu
    \n\u00c7ok istedim bulamad\u0131m \u015f\u00f6yle garip bencileyin<\/p>\n

    Kimseler garip olmas\u0131n hasret oduna yanmas\u0131n
    \nHocam kimseler olmas\u0131n \u015f\u00f6yle garip bencileyin<\/p>\n

    S\u00f6yler dilim a\u011flar g\u00f6z\u00fcm gariplere g\u00f6yn\u00fcr \u00f6z\u00fcm
    \nMe\u011fer ki g\u00f6kte y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131m \u015f\u00f6yle garip bencileyin<\/p>\n

    Nice bu derd ile yanam ecel ere bir g\u00fcn \u00f6lem
    \nMe\u011fer ki sinimde bulam \u015f\u00f6yle garip bencileyin<\/p>\n

    Bir garip \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f diyeler \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnden sonra duyalar
    \nSo\u011fuk su ile yuyalar \u015f\u00f6yle garip bencileyin<\/p>\n

    Hey Emre’m Yunus bi\u00e7are bulunmaz derdine \u00e7are
    \nVar imdi gez \u015fardan \u015fara \u015f\u00f6yle garip bencileyin<\/p>\n

    9\u00a0\u00a0 \u00c7OKANLAMLILIK (tevriye)<\/p>\n

    “Bu kadar\u00a0letafet<\/strong><\/a> \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sende var
    \nBeyaz gerdan\u0131nda bir de ben gerek”<\/p>\n

    \u0130kinci dizede “ben” tevriyeli kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yak\u0131n anlam\u0131, v\u00fccuttaki siyah kabart\u0131; uzak anlam\u0131 ise, I. Tekil ki\u015fi.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    “Bana T\u00e2hir Efendi kelp demi\u015f
    \n\u0130ltifat\u0131 bu s\u00f6zde z\u00e2hirdir
    \nM\u00e2lik\u00ee mezhebim benim zir\u00e2
    \n\u0130tikat\u0131mca kelp t\u00e2hirdir.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (    Nefi<\/strong><\/a>)<\/p>\n

    Kelp k\u00f6pek demektir. T\u00e2hir, s\u00f6ylenen anlam\u0131 “temiz” demektir; ama\u00e7lanan anlam\u0131 ise T\u00e2hir Efendi’dir.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Bir buse mi bir g\u00fcl m\u00fc verirsin dedi g\u00f6nl\u00fcm
    \nBir nim tebess\u00fcmle o afet g\u00fcl\u00fcverdi.<\/p>\n

    G\u00fcl\u00fcverdi: 1. G\u00fcld\u00fc 2. G\u00fcl verdi<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    A\u015fiyan-\u0131 m\u00fcrg-i dil z\u00fclf-i peri\u015fan\u0131ndad\u0131r.
    \nKande olsam ey peri g\u00f6nl\u00fcm senin yan\u0131ndad\u0131r. (Fuzul\u00ee)<\/p>\n

    Kande: 1. Nerede 2.Kan i\u00e7inde<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Sarm\u0131sak da ac\u0131 amma evde laz\u0131m bir di\u015fi<\/p>\n

    Di\u015fi: 1. Sarm\u0131sak par\u00e7as\u0131 2. Bayan<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    G\u00fcl ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 eller s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr, \u00e7atlasa b\u00fclb\u00fcl<\/p>\n

    El: 1. Organ 2. Yabanc\u0131<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    G\u00fczeller mihriban olmaz demek yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ey Baki<\/p>\n

    Olur vallahi olur billahi\u00a0 hemen yalvar\u0131 g\u00f6rs\u00fcnler<\/p>\n

    Yalvar: 1. devrin para birimi\/ 2.yalvarmak fiili<\/p>\n

    10\u00a0\u00a0 G\u00d6NDERGESEL ANLAM<\/p>\n

    Bir ileti dilin g\u00f6ndergeyi oldu\u011fu gibi ifade etmesi i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenerek olu\u015fturulmu\u015fsa dil\u00a0g\u00f6ndergesel i\u015flev<\/a>de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle dilin bilgi verme i\u015flevidir. Burada ama\u00e7, g\u00f6nderge konusunda do\u011fru, nesnel, g\u00f6zlemlenebilir bilgi vermektir.<\/p>\n

    \u015eiirde g\u00f6ndergesel anlam \u00e7ok tercih edilen bir yol de\u011fildir; ancak bunun da \u015fiiri g\u00fczelle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00f6rnekler mevcuttur. Yahya Kemal Beyatl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u201cEyl\u00fcl Sonu\u201d \u015fiiri buna iyi bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n

    G\u00fcnler k\u0131sald\u0131… Kanl\u0131ca’n\u0131n ihtiyarlar\u0131<\/p>\n

    Bir bir hat\u0131rlamakta ge\u00e7en sonbaharlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Yaln\u0131z bu semti sevmek i\u00e7in \u00f6mr\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u0131sa…<\/p>\n

    Yazlar yava\u015f\u00e7a bitmese, g\u00fcnler k\u0131salmasa…<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0130\u00e7tik bu n\u00e2dir i\u00e7ki’yi y\u0131llarca kanmad\u0131k…<\/p>\n

    Bir b\u00f6yle zevke tek bir \u00f6m\u00fcr yetmiyor, yaz\u0131k!<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00d6lmek kaderde var, bize \u00fcrk\u00fcnt\u00fc vermiyor;<\/p>\n

    L\u00e2kin vatandan ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0131zt\u0131r\u00e2b\u0131 zor.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Hi\u00e7 d\u00f6nmemek \u00f6l\u00fcm gecesinden bu s\u00e2hile,<\/p>\n

    Bitmez bir \u00f6zleyi\u015ftir, \u00f6l\u00fcmden beter bile.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    11\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6ZEL ADLARDAN YARARLANMA (Telmih)<\/p>\n

    Tahir olmak da ay\u0131p de\u011fil Z\u00fchre olmak da
    \nhatta sevda y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00f6lmek de ay\u0131p de\u011fil,
    \nb\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015f Tahir\u2019le Z\u00fchre olabilmekte
    \nyani y\u00fcrekte.<\/p>\n

    Mesela bir barikatta d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015ferek
    \nmesela kuzey kutbunu ke\u015ffe giderken
    \nmesela denerken damarlar\u0131nda bir serumu
    \n\u00f6lmek ay\u0131p olur mu?<\/p>\n

    Tahir olmak da ay\u0131p de\u011fil Z\u00fchre olmak da
    \nhatta sevda y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00f6lmek de ay\u0131p de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

    Seversin d\u00fcnyay\u0131 doludizgin
    \nama o bunun fark\u0131nda de\u011fildir
    \nayr\u0131lmak istemezsin d\u00fcnyadan
    \nama o senden ayr\u0131lacak
    \nyani sen elmay\u0131 seviyorsun diye
    \nelman\u0131n da seni sevmesi \u015fart m\u0131?
    \nYani Tahir\u2019i Z\u00fchre sevmeseydi art\u0131k
    \nyahut hi\u00e7 sevmeseydi
    \nTahir ne kaybederdi Tahirli\u011finden?<\/p>\n

    Tahir olmak da ay\u0131p de\u011fil Z\u00fchre olmak da
    \nhatta sevda y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00f6lmek de ay\u0131p de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

    Bu \u015fiirde Naz\u0131m Hikmet Ran, Tahir ile Z\u00fchre hikayesinin kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Kamil iken cahil ettim alimi,
    \nVah\u015fi iken yah\u015fi ettim zalimi,
    \nYavuz iken zebun ettim Selim\u2019i,
    \nHer oyunu bozan gizli zor benim.<\/p>\n

    \u0130lahimle Mevlana’y\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fcm,
    \nYunusumla \u00f6fkeleri dindirdim,
    \nG\u00fcnah\u0131mla \u00e7ok ocaklar s\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fcm,
    \nMevla\u2019dan\u0131m; hay\u0131r benim, \u015fer benim.<\/p>\n

    Sebep baz\u0131 Leyla, baz\u0131 \u015eirin’di;
    \nHatr\u0131m i\u00e7in y\u00fcce da\u011flar delindi;
    \nBilek g\u00fcc\u00fcm Ferhat ile bilindi;
    \nKuvvet benim, kudret benim, \u015fer benim,<\/p>\n

    Yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ben \u00fcrettim veremi;
    \nLokman hekim bulamad\u0131 \u00e7aremi;
    \nAsl\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fcl eyledim Keremi;
    \n\u0130brahim\u2019in at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kor benim.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n

    Cemal Safi de bu \u015fiirinde pek \u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fc ismi anmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    12\u00a0\u00a0 YAN ANLAMLAR<\/p>\n

    Dilde kelimeler sadece ilk \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131 ile kalmazlar. Zamanla \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 anlamlar y\u00fcklenirler. \u0130\u015fte \u015fiir de bu anlam farklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k s\u0131k kullan\u0131r. \u015e\u00f6yle demek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: \u015eiir temel anlamdan \u00e7ok yan anlam ile \u00f6r\u00fclen ipek bir hal\u0131d\u0131r. \u201c\u015eiir yan anlamlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde \u015fiir olur.\u201d[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Yaln\u0131z yan anlamla bizim kastetti\u011fimiz sadece s\u00f6zl\u00fck anlam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131m de\u011fildir. \u015eairin bir kelimeye kendince verdi\u011fi\/ y\u00fckledi\u011fi anlam i\u015fte bu yan anlam\u0131 do\u011furur.<\/p>\n

    Ma\u011flupken ordu, yasl\u0131 dudurken vatan<\/p>\n

    Ruyama girdi her gece bir fatih\u00e2ne zan<\/p>\n

    Buradaki \u201czan\u201d sanma, sezme s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, temel anlam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bununla anlat\u0131lmak istenen\u201dfatihlerin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc iste\u011fi, umudu, amac\u0131d\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n

    Bu konuda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u00a0 incelenebilir.<\/p>\n

    http:\/\/www.liseedebiyat.com\/index.php\/okunasi-yazilar\/54-szn-cn-sectklermz\/362-sakarya-tuerkuesue-uezerine-anlam-ve-mge-ncelemesi.html<\/a><\/p>\n

    \u00d6rnek \u015eiirler:<\/p>\n

    K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bir ku\u015ftur\u00a0 solu\u011fum<\/p>\n

    Kumral g\u00f6klerinde sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n<\/p>\n

    Seni kuca\u011f\u0131ma al\u0131yorum<\/p>\n

    Tarifsiz uzuyor bacaklar\u0131n<\/p>\n

    Cemal S\u00fcreya\u2019n\u0131n bu \u015fiirinde k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, bir renk olarak de\u011fil \u201cihtiras\u201d \u201cate\u015f\u201d kavramlar\u0131 olarak yer almaktad\u0131r. Burada k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 yan anlam\u0131n\u0131n ihtiras olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fairin \u00f6zel kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile bu anlam\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rmamak gereklidir. Sa\u00e7ar\u0131n kumral g\u00f6kleri ise al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131ma \u00f6rne\u011fidir. O da bir yan anlam hususudur.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    13\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 UZAK \u00c7A\u011eRI\u015eIMLAR (mazmunlar)<\/p>\n

    Su yerine s\u00fcs ak\u0131yor<\/p>\n

    Deliklerinden<\/p>\n

    E\u011filimi\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl ince bilekli<\/p>\n

    Cariyeler bak\u0131yor<\/p>\n

    Derinden geliyor sesleri\u00a0 (Sezi Karako\u00e7)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    dizelerinde cariye g\u00f6stergesiyle Osmanl\u0131 Saray\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015fimizle ilgili, uzak \u00e7ar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar yans\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fte divan \u015fiirinden ilgin\u00e7 uzak \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\/ mazmun \u00f6rnekleri:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u015eeb-i hicr\u00e3n yanar c\u00e3num t\u00f6ker kan<\/strong> \u00e7e\u015fm-i giry\u00e3num<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Uyarur halk\u0131 efg\u00e3num kara bahtum uyanmaz m\u0131 (Fuz\u00fbli)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mum mazmunu<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00c2fit\u00e2b<\/strong>-\u0131 ‘\u00e2lem-\u00e2r\u00e2 heft ki\u015fver-i\u00a0 b\u00ee-nazir<\/h6>\n

    P\u00e2di\u015f\u00e2h-\u0131 ‘\u00e2sar-\u0131\u00a0 ‘ilm\u00a0 k\u00e2mr\u00e2n\u00a0 rif’at -me\u00e2b\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hz. \u2018\u0130s\u00e2<\/p>\n

    Hazret-i \u0130sa g\u00fcne\u015fin bulundu\u011fu makamdad\u0131r; o y\u00fczen afitap, hur\u015fid gibi kelimeler uzak \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mla onu akla getirir.<\/p>\n

    14\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 KA\u015eITLIKLAR (tezat)<\/p>\n

    \u015eiirde z\u0131tl\u0131klar da bir g\u00fczellik unsuru olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u015e\u00eerler pen\u00e7e-i kahr\u0131mda olurken lerz\u00e2n<\/p>\n

    Beni bir g\u00f6zleri \u00e2h\u00fbya zeb\u00fbn etti felek (Yavuz Sultan Selim)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Bag-\u0131 dehrin hem haz\u00e2n\u0131n hem bah\u00e2r\u0131n g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcz<\/p>\n

    Biz ne\u015f\u00e2t\u0131n da gam\u0131n da r\u00fbzig\u00e2r\u0131n g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcz (Nabi)<\/p>\n

    15\u00a0\u00a0 BENZETMELER (te\u015fbih)<\/p>\n

    T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 bir benzetmeler deryas\u0131d\u0131r. Birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnekle ge\u00e7iyoruz.<\/p>\n

    sisler bulvar\u0131’na ak\u015fam \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc<\/p>\n

    omuzlar\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7oktan \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc<\/p>\n

    kesik birer kol gibi yaln\u0131zd\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\n

    da\u011flarda ate\u015fler yanm\u0131yordu<\/p>\n

    deniz fenerleri s\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc<\/p>\n

    birbirimizin g\u00f6zlerini ar\u0131yorduk<\/p>\n

    Attila \u0130lhan Sisler Bulvar\u0131 adl\u0131 \u015fiirinin bu bendinde kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir benzetme kullanmaktad\u0131r: kesik birer kol gibi yaln\u0131zd\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Hilmi Yavuz ise \u015f\u00f6yle bir benzetmeyi \u015fiirinde tercih eder:<\/p>\n

    \u201ci\u015fte ak\u015fam i\u015fte \u00e7apak\u00e7ur[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

    ve \u00e7apak\u00e7ur\u2019da ak\u015fam<\/p>\n

    bir divan\u0131harp gibi kurulur<\/strong><\/p>\n

    a\u011f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131r giden bulut m\u00fcfrezeleri<\/p>\n

    hem bulan\u0131k, hem firari ya\u011fmur\u201d<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    16\u00a0\u00a0 DEY\u0130M AKTARMASI (istiare)<\/p>\n

    Yunanca metaphora, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e (eskiden) istiare terimleri ile kar\u015f\u0131lanan, bug\u00fcn baz\u0131 kaynaklarda e\u011fretileme ad\u0131 verilen deyim aktarmas\u0131 \u015fiirin derinlik unsurlar\u0131ndand\u0131r. \u0130nsan\u0131 biraz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ve \u015fiirle ilgi kurmaya zorlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Sabahtan u\u011frad\u0131m\u00a0 ben bir fidan<\/strong>a<\/p>\n

    Dedim mahmur musun dedi ki yok yok\u00a0 (Erzurumlu Emrah)<\/p>\n

    Fidan kelimesi burada yeni yeti\u015fen a\u011fa\u00e7 de\u011fil gen\u00e7 bir k\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00c2h eyledi\u011fim serv- i h\u0131r\u00e2man\u0131n<\/strong> i\u00e7\u00fcnd\u00fcr<\/p>\n

    Kan a\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m gonce-i hand\u00e2n\u0131n<\/strong> i\u00e7\u00fcnd\u00fcr (Fuzul\u00ee)<\/p>\n

    Burada, gonca do\u011frudan do\u011fruya dudak i\u00e7in, servi ise sevgilinin boyudur.<\/p>\n

    Ki\u015file\u015ftirme de bu bahiste ele al\u0131nabilir:<\/p>\n

    \u00c2heste \u00e7ek k\u00fcrekleri mehtap uyanmas\u0131n<\/p>\n

    Bir \u00e2lem-i hay\u00e2le dalan \u00e2b uyanmas\u0131n (Yahya Kemal)<\/p>\n

    Su ve mehtap insana benzetilerek ki\u015file\u015ftirilmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Faruk Nafiz \u00c7aml\u0131bel, \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz \u015fiiri Han Duvarlar\u0131\u2019nda \u015fu enfes ki\u015file\u015ftirmeyi kullan\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    Bu \u0131sl\u0131kla uzayan, d\u00f6nen k\u0131vr\u0131lan yollar,<\/p>\n

    Uykuya varm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen y\u0131lan yollar<\/p>\n

    Ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rarak bo\u015flu\u011fu dinliyordu. <\/strong><\/p>\n

    G\u00f6kler bulutlan\u0131yor, r\u00fczg\u00e2r serinliyordu<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ey k\u00f6yleri hududa ba\u011flayan ya\u015fl\u0131 yollar,<\/pre>\n
    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00f6nmeyen yolculara a\u011flayan yasl\u0131 yollar!<\/strong><\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n
    Beh\u00e7et Necatigil de Geceye Girerken Balat \u015fiirinde \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n
    \u201cOdalardan birinde yorgun ikindi\u201d<\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    17\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SOMUTLA\u015eTIRMA<\/strong><\/p>\n
    De\u015ft-i fen\u00e2<\/strong>da m\u00fcrg-i hev\u00e2<\/strong> durmayup d\u00f6ner<\/p>\n
    T\u00eeg\u0131n huda yolunda sebil etti canlar\u0131 (Baki\/ Kanuni Mersiyesi)<\/p>\n
    Bak\u0131n\u0131z, \u015fiirde eski yeni diye bir \u015fey yoktur. Belki teknik belli bir y\u00fckseli\u015f grafi\u011fine sahip olabilir; ancak sanatta bu grafik ayn\u0131 \u015fekli g\u00f6stermez. Sanat eski yeni demeden zirve noktalar yakalayabilir. Baki de Kanuni mersiyesinde harika bir somutlama \u00f6rne\u011fi g\u00f6sterir: fanilik \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fc\/ istek ku\u015fu<\/p>\n
    \u015eair, soyut olan fanili\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6l ile; yine soyut olan iste\u011fi ku\u015f ile somutlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u201cEl yazmas\u0131 ac\u0131lar<\/strong> as\u0131lm\u0131\u015f duvara\u201d (Cemal S\u00fcreya)<\/p>\n
    \u201cT\u00fcm \u00fcveyikleri\u00a0 bir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Kondu \u00fcst\u00fcme\u201d\u00a0\u00a0 (Tahsin Sara\u00e7)<\/p>\n
    \u201cGurbet elde bir silen yok ya\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n
    Kendim gider kotar\u0131r\u0131m a\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n
    Yuvas\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00f6n\u00fcl ku\u015fumu<\/strong><\/p>\n
    G\u00f6z ya\u015f\u0131m ak\u0131t\u0131p baz eylemsin\u201d (Karacao\u011flan)<\/p>\n
    18-19\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6L\u00c7\u00dc\u00a0 VE KAF\u0130YE<\/p>\n
    Bu kavramlar\u0131n her yerde a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ve \u00f6rne\u011fi bulunabildi\u011fi i\u00e7in derinlemesine incelenmyecektir. Ancak \u015fu da s\u00f6ylenmelidir ki \u015fiirde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc son y\u00fcz y\u0131la kadar olmazsa olmazlar i\u00e7indeydi. Son d\u00f6nemde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u015fka \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermez. Konumuzun ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz \u015fiirlerde belli kurallardan bahsediyoruz. Demek ki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz \u015fiir kurals\u0131z \u015fiir de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
    Kafiye konusu da ayn\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eair kafiye kullanmayabilir;ancak bu onun kurals\u0131z yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Sesler aras\u0131 ili\u015fkiyi, ahengi iyi kullanamayan \u015fairin kal\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez.<\/p>\n
    20\u00a0\u00a0 SAPMALAR<\/p>\n
    Al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131rma ad\u0131 da verilen\u00a0 sapmalar \u015fiir \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k do\u011furan ifadelerdir ve son d\u00f6nem \u015fiirimizde s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
    Masallar\u0131n Masal\u0131 adl\u0131 \u015fiirinde Naz\u0131m Hikmet a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki alt\u0131 \u00e7izili<\/strong> noktalarda bizi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131yor:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Su ba\u015f\u0131nda durmu\u015fuz,
    \n\u00e7\u0131narla ben.
    \nSuda suretimiz \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor,
    \n\u00e7\u0131narla benim.
    \nSuyun \u015favk\u0131 vuruyor bize,
    \n\u00e7\u0131narla bana.<\/p>\n
    Su ba\u015f\u0131nda durmu\u015fuz,
    \n\u00e7\u0131narla ben, bir de kedi.
    \nSuda suretimiz \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor,
    \n\u00e7\u0131narla benim, bir de kedinin.
    \nSuyun \u015favk\u0131 vuruyor bize,
    \n\u00e7\u0131narla bana, bir de kediye.<\/p>\n
    Su ba\u015f\u0131nda durmu\u015fuz,
    \n\u00e7\u0131nar, ben, kedi, bir de g\u00fcne\u015f<\/strong>.
    \nSuda suretimiz \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor,
    \n\u00e7\u0131nar\u0131n, benim, kedinin, bir de g\u00fcne\u015fin.
    \nSuyun \u015favk\u0131 vuruyor bize,
    \n\u00e7\u0131nara, bana, kediye, bir de g\u00fcne\u015fe.<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Su ba\u015f\u0131nda durmu\u015fuz,
    \n\u00e7\u0131nar, ben, kedi, g\u00fcne\u015f, bir de \u00f6mr\u00fcm\u00fcz<\/strong>.
    \nSuda suretimiz \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor,
    \n\u00e7\u0131nar\u0131n, benim, kedinin, g\u00fcne\u015fin, bir de \u00f6mr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn<\/strong>.
    \nSuyun \u015favk\u0131 vuruyor bize,
    \n\u00e7\u0131nara, bana, kediye, g\u00fcne\u015fe, bir de \u00f6mr\u00fcm\u00fcze .
    \n<\/strong>
    \nSu ba\u015f\u0131nda durmu\u015fuz.
    \n\u00d6nce kedi gidecek,
    \nkaybolacak suda sureti.
    \nSonra ben gidece\u011fim,
    \nkaybolacak suda suretim.
    \nSonra \u00e7\u0131nar gidecek,
    \nkaybolacak suda sureti.
    \nSonra su gidecek
    \ng\u00fcne\u015f kalacak;
    \nsonra o da gidecek…<\/p>\n
    Su ba\u015f\u0131nda durmu\u015fuz.
    \nSu serin,
    \n\u00c7\u0131nar ulu,
    \nBen \u015fiir yaz\u0131yorum.
    \nKedi uyukluyor
    \nG\u00fcne\u015f s\u0131cak.
    \n\u00c7ok \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr ya\u015f\u0131yoruz.
    \nSuyun \u015favk\u0131 vuruyor bize
    \n\u00c7\u0131nara bana, kediye, g\u00fcne\u015fe, bir de \u00f6mr\u00fcm\u00fcze<\/strong>…<\/p>\n
    Cemal S\u00fcreya Bun adl\u0131 \u015fiirinde,<\/p>\n
    \u201cAblas\u0131n\u0131 o saat meryemsiyorum<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her kad\u0131n\u0131 meryemsiyorum<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n
    Gibi ilgin\u00e7, \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir ifade kullan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
    Attila \u0130lhan\u2019\u0131n s\u00fcrekli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harf kullan\u0131m\u0131 da bir sapmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
    Baki\u2019nin Kanuni Mersiyesinde Fars\u00e7a ba\u015flamas\u0131 da bu sapmalara \u00f6rnek olabilir:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ey p\u00e2y-bend-i d\u00e2m-geh-i kayd-\u0131 n\u00e2m \u00fc neng<\/p>\n
    T\u00e2 key hev\u00e2-yi me\u015fgale-i dehr-i b\u00ee-direng
    \nAn ol g\u00fcn\u00fc ki \u00e2hir olub nev-bah\u00e2r-\u0131 \u00f6mr<\/p>\n
    Berg-i hazana d\u00f6nse gerek ruy-\u0131 lale-reng<\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u00dcvercinka ismi de Cemal S\u00fcreya\u2019n\u0131n \u015fiirine ismi verirken kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sapmalardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n
    \u00d6zdemir Asaf\u2019tan Sapma \/\u015fa\u015f\u0131rtan s\u00f6z \u00a0\u00f6rnekleri ile konumuzu tamal\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\n