\u015eEH\u0130R Y\u00dcZL\u00dc ADAMLAR
\nAmasya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcl\u00fc Mihr\u00ee Hatun
\nDr. Metin HAKVERD\u0130O\u011eLU
\nAmasya \u00dcniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi
\n15. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Amasya\u2019da yeti\u015fen bir g\u00fcl adeta bu \u015fehirle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Mihr\u00ee ad\u0131ndaki bu \u015faire, hem kendi asr\u0131n\u0131n hem de kendinden sonraki as\u0131rlar\u0131n ender kad\u0131n \u015fairlerinden biridir. Devrin Amasya kad\u0131s\u0131 ve Bel\u00e2y\u00ee mahlasl\u0131 \u015fairi olan bir babaya sahip olmak onun en b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj\u0131 idi. O, bir \u015fehrin en parlak y\u00fcz\u00fc olmay\u0131 ve bug\u00fcnlerimize de \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, \u015fiirleri ile ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fahsiyettir.
\n\u0130lgin\u00e7tir, Mihr\u00ee, bizim \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 y\u0131kmak i\u00e7in bir divan yazm\u0131\u015f gibidir. Divan \u015fiiri hayattan kopuktur, \u015fehri ile ilgilenmez, \u015fehrinin ilgin\u00e7liklerinden hi\u00e7 bahsetmez deriz. Bak\u0131n Mihri bu \u00f6n yarg\u0131y\u0131 Amasya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcl\u00fc unvan\u0131n\u0131 hak ederek nas\u0131l y\u0131k\u0131yor:
\n\u015eehir-i Am\u00e2siyye\u2019de bir \u1e2b\u016bb u ra\u2018n\u00e2 g\u00fcl-\u2018iz\u00e2r
\nHer \u1e6darafda c\u00e2n u dilden \u1e63ad-hez\u00e2r \u2018u\u015f\u015f\u00e2\u1e33\u0131 var
\n\u00c7evresinde d\u00e2\u2019ire \u00e7ekmi\u015fd\u00fcr anu\u00f1 k\u016bh-s\u00e2r
\n\u1e24\u00e2led\u00fcr kim devr id\u00fcpd\u00fcr m\u00e2h-\u0131 t\u00e2b\u00e2n\u0131 d\u00fcr\u00fcst (MD. Murabba: 8\/8)<\/p>\n
Amasya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcl\u00fc Mihr\u00ee, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehri herkesin dikkatini \u00e7eken da\u011flar\u0131 ile anmakta ve tasvir etmektedir. \u015eair sevgili ile birlikte sevgilisinin diyar\u0131 olan Amasya\u2019y\u0131 da methetmektedir. \u201c\u00c7evresinde d\u00e2\u2019ire \u00e7ekmi\u015fd\u00fcr anu\u00f1 k\u016bh-s\u00e2r\u201d tabiri onun g\u00fczel bir g\u00f6zlemidir. \u201cDa\u011flar onun \u00e7evresinde bir daire \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir ve o bir g\u00fcl bah\u00e7esi i\u00e7indeki g\u00fczel y\u00fczl\u00fc sevgilidir.\u201d
\nAmasya\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kan insanlar\u0131n buradan daha g\u00fczel bulduklar\u0131 ve gitmeye de\u011fer diye s\u00f6z ettikleri tek yer \u0130stanbul\u2019dur. \u00c2limler, \u015fairler, hattatlar hep ayn\u0131 \u00f6n kabulle Amasya\u2019n\u0131n bir \u00fcst\u00fc yer olarak sadece \u0130stanbul\u2019u g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Hattat Hamdullah, Taci \u00c7elebi, Abdurrahman \u00c7elebi gibi devrin t\u00fcm \u00e2lim ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 bu yolu takip etmi\u015flerdir. Mihr\u00ee de onlara kat\u0131lmak istemi\u015f ve \u015fiirinde bu iste\u011finden \u015f\u00f6yle bahsetmi\u015ftir:
\nGe\u00e7mi\u015f ki \u1e25ay\u0131f Mihr\u012b Am\u00e2siyye\u2019de \u2018\u00f6mr\u00fc\u00f1
\n\u1e32ostantinide \u2018\u00e2\u1e33il isen gitme \u1e33al imdi (MD. Gazel: 178\/7)<\/p>\n
Mihr\u00ee, g\u00f6zlemleri ve bunlar\u0131 \u015fiirinde yans\u0131tmas\u0131 ile bizi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmaya devam etmektedir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki beyitler Amasya\u2019n\u0131n bug\u00fcn de me\u015fhur olan Kurtbo\u011fan Baba evliyas\u0131 i\u00e7indir. K\u00fcnicek denilen yerdeki bu t\u00fcrbe halen ziyaret edilmekte ve \u00fcnl\u00fc Ak\u015femseddin\u2019in babas\u0131 \u015eerafeddin Hamza\u2019y\u0131 kubbesi alt\u0131nda muhafaza etmektedir.
\nBu ma\u1e33\u00e2m\u0131n ismini ger\u00e7i dimi\u015fler K\u00fcnicek
\nDillere vir\u00fcr \u1e25ay\u00e2t-\u0131 \u00e2b u rev\u00e2n g\u00f6ricek
\n\u2026
\nM\u00fczdine A\u1e33 \u015eems-i Din\u2019\u00fc\u00f1 vir \u1e63al\u00e2vat \u1e33\u0131l du\u2018\u00e2
\n\u1e32urtarur \u2018i\u1e63y\u00e2ndan ol seni himmet idicek (MD. Gazel: 89\/1 ve 7)<\/p>\n
Gitti\u011fi yerleri tasvir etmeyi \u00e7ok seven Amasya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcl\u00fc Mihr\u00ee, o zamanlar Amasya\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 bir yer olan Ladik\u2019i de ziyaret etmi\u015ftir, tabii ki oray\u0131 da harika bir murabba ile tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ladik\u2019te \u00fcnl\u00fc olan Seyyid Ahmed-i Keb\u00eer Hazretlerini ziyaret etmeyi ihmal etmemi\u015ftir.
\nYap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ser\u00eer-i \u2018\u00e2l\u00ee eyv\u00e2n
\nYe\u015fil yapraklar olm\u0131\u015f ana seyv\u00e2n
\n\u0130\u00e7inded\u00fcr anun ol \u015fah-\u0131 devr\u00e2n
\nNe ho\u015f yaylak imi\u015f bu \u015fehr-i L\u00e2dik<\/p>\n
Bir \u00f6n yarg\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 daha Mihr\u00ee Hatun\u2019a k\u0131rd\u0131ral\u0131m: 15. y\u00fczy\u0131lda kad\u0131nlar pasif insanlard\u0131, hele divan \u015fiirinde kad\u0131n, g\u00fczellik unsurundan, canan olmaktan \u00f6te ge\u00e7emeyen bir nesneydi. \tAmasya\u2019n\u0131n farkl\u0131 karakteri Mihr\u00ee, bak\u0131n kad\u0131n erkek e\u015fitli\u011finden o y\u00fczy\u0131lda nas\u0131l bahsediyor ve bizim \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ortaya koyup nas\u0131l bir bir y\u0131k\u0131yor:
\n\u0130\u015fid\u00fcp \u1e6da’\u00f1 itmeye her b\u012b-\u1e2baber
\nMihrin\u00fc\u00f1 \u1e33albine gelmeye keder<\/p>\n
\u00c7\u00fcnki n\u00e2\u1e33\u0131s \u2018a\u1e33l olur dirler nis\u00e2
\nHer s\u00f6z\u00fc\u00f1 ma\u0121r\u016br \u1e6dutma\u1e33dur rev\u00e2<\/p>\n
L\u012bk Mihr\u012b d\u00e2\u2018in\u00fc\u00f1 \u1e93ann\u0131 budur
\nBu s\u00f6zi der ol ki k\u00e2m\u012bl usludur<\/p>\n
Bir m\u00fc\u2019enne\u1e9f yegdurur kim ehl ola
\nBi\u00f1 m\u00fc\u1e95ekkerden ki ol na-ehl ola<\/p>\n
Bir m\u00fcenne\u1e9f yeg ki \u1e95ihni p\u00e2k ola
\nBi\u00f1 m\u00fc\u1e95ekkerden ki b\u012b-idr\u00e2k ola (Tazarruname: 14\/10-12)<\/p>\n
\u201cHaberi olmayanlar i\u015fitip de ay\u0131plamayalar, bu y\u00fczden Mihri\u2019nin kalbine keder gelmeye.\u201d
\n\u201cKad\u0131n\u0131n akl\u0131 k\u0131sad\u0131r dedikleri i\u00e7in s\u00f6z\u00fc daima en do\u011fru ve g\u00fczel \u015fekilde kullanmak gerekir.\u201d
\n\u201cLakin dost Mihr\u00ee\u2019nin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi \u015fudur: Bu s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsa o kamildir ve ak\u0131ll\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d
\n\u201c(Yine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi \u015fudur) Bir kad\u0131n i\u015finin ehli ise bin tane ehil olmayan erkekten \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr. O, tercihe \u015fayand\u0131r.\u201d
\n\u201c(Yine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi \u015fudur) bir kad\u0131n\u0131n zihni a\u00e7\u0131ksa, yani zeki ise tercihe \u015fayand\u0131r bin tane aptal erkekten.\u201d
\nBir \u015fehir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ki 15. y\u00fczy\u0131lda bu denli de\u011fi\u015fik fikirler ortaya koyan bayan \u015fairler yeti\u015ftiriyor. Bir \u015fehir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ki kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 bu kadar iyi e\u011fitimden ge\u00e7irebiliyor. Bir \u015fehir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ki \u015fehzadelerin etkisi ile topluma da y\u00fcksek bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr a\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fte Mihr\u00ee Hatun gencecik ya\u015f\u0131na ra\u011fmen- (1460? – 1506 ) 46 ya\u015f\u0131nda vefat etmi\u015ftir- bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc alabilmi\u015f, m\u00fckemmel bir divan yazm\u0131\u015f, Arap\u00e7a ve Fars\u00e7a \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f, kad\u0131nlar hakk\u0131nda ilmihaller yazm\u0131\u015f ve en ilginci hem divan \u015fiirinin hem de kad\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00d6rne\u011fin Necati Bey\u2019e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektuplar ve bu mektuplarda g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi nazireler Necati Bey\u2019i dahi bazen k\u0131zd\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:
\n\u0130y ben\u00fcm \u015fi\u2018r\u00fcme na\u1e93ire diyen
\n\u00c7\u0131\u1e33ma r\u00e2h-\u0131 edebden eyle \u1e25a\u1e95er
\nDime ki i\u015fte vezn \u00fc \u1e33\u00e2fiyede
\n\u015ei\u2018r\u00fcm old\u0131 Nec\u00e2tiye hem-ser
\n\u1e24arfi \u00fc\u00e7 olma\u1e33 ile ikisin\u00fc\u00f1
\nBir mid\u00fcr fi’l-\u1e25a\u1e33\u012b\u1e33a \u2018ayb u h\u00fcner”
\nAmasya\u2019da yemeklerin vazge\u00e7ilmezi olan so\u011fan ve sar\u0131msak dahi onun \u015fiirinde yerini alm\u0131\u015f, divan \u015fiirinin ve kendi \u015fiirinin hayata s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nmedi\u011fini bir kez daha g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir:
\nG\u00fclsit\u00e2nu\u00f1da \u00e7\u00fcn e\u1e93h\u00e2r olmadum ben dostum
\nBost\u00e2nu\u00f1da pey\u00e2z\u016b \u1e9f\u016bm olaydum \u1e33\u00e2\u015fki (MD. gazel: 196\/3)
\n\u201cDostum, g\u00fclistan\u0131nda madem \u00e7i\u00e7ek olamad\u0131m, ke\u015fke en az\u0131ndan bostan\u0131nda sar\u0131msak ve so\u011fan olayd\u0131m.\u201d
\n\u015eimdiki \u1e2bal\u1e33\u0131n \u1e33atu\u00f1da T\u00fcrkl\u00fckd\u00fcr i\u2018tib\u00e2r
\nKe\u015fl\u00fc tar\u1e25\u00e2nalar\u0131\u00f1da \u1e9f\u016bm olaydum \u1e33\u00e2\u015fki (MD. gazel: 185\/7)
\n\u201c\u015eimdiki halk\u0131n kat\u0131nda itibar kayna\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ben senin yo\u011furtlu tarhananda sar\u0131msak olayd\u0131m ke\u015fke. Bu bana yeterdi.\u201d
\n\u015eu erkek\u00e7e edada ise Mihr\u00ee, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda gelecek olan Ba\u011fdatl\u0131 Ruh\u00ee\u2019yi m\u00fcjdeliyor:
\n\u015eimdiden gir\u00fc cih\u00e2n \u1e2b\u016bblar\u0131nu\u00f1 var\u0131na yuf
\n\u1e32ur\u0131 da\u2018v\u00e2lar ile itd\u00fcgi i\u1e33r\u00e2r\u0131na yuf<\/p>\n
Ey\u00fc \u00e7ekd\u00fc\u00f1 bularu\u00f1 cevr-i cef\u00e2s\u0131n be y\u00fcri
\nNice bir yalvaralum y\u00e2r\u0131na a\u0121y\u00e2r\u0131na yuf ( MD. gazel: 76\/2-3)<\/p>\n
Nihat Sami Banarl\u0131’n\u0131n tespiti ilgin\u00e7tir:
\n“Mihr\u00ee, \u015fiirlerinde klasik terbiyenin ve divan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn inceliklerine uyarak bu \u015fiirleri \u00fcstatlar\u0131n yolunda, onlar\u0131n mazmunlar\u0131; onlar\u0131n s\u00f6z ve mana sanatlar\u0131yla s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, fakat ayn\u0131 \u015fiirlere onlar\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenin bir kad\u0131n \u015f\u00e2ir oldu\u011funu hissettiren, \u015fahsi ve samimi bir ifade verme\u011fe de muvaffak olmu\u015ftur.”
\nSonu\u00e7 olarak, Mihr\u00ee Hatun, Amasya\u2019n\u0131n 15. Y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki en ilgin\u00e7 simas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Amasya\u2019n\u0131n o devrinin aynas\u0131d\u0131r. Evrensel, y\u00f6resel, g\u00fcncel ve kad\u0131ns\u0131 pek \u00e7ok mesaj onun divan\u0131n\u0131n dizeleri aras\u0131ndan merakl\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemeyi beklemektedir. Fakat ne ac\u0131d\u0131r ki, bug\u00fcn Mihr\u00ee Hatun\u2019un mezar\u0131 dahi yerinde de\u011fildir. Yeri tespit edilmi\u015f, mermer sandukas\u0131 bulunmu\u015f ve Amasya\u2019n\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131 ad\u0131na derhal yerine yerle\u015fmeyi bekleyen mezar\u0131, y\u0131llard\u0131r ilgisizli\u011fin kurban\u0131 olarak boynu b\u00fck\u00fck beklemektedir. Amasya\u2019n\u0131n parlak ve nadide y\u00fcz\u00fc bir g\u00fcn mezar\u0131na kavu\u015fmay\u0131 dilemektedir.<\/p>\n
Kaynak\u00e7a:
\nArslan, Mehmet; Mihr\u00ee H\u00e2tun Div\u00e2n\u0131, Amasya Valili\u011fi, 2007.<\/p>\n
Banarl\u0131, Nihat Sami; RTET. MEB. Yay., C.1, Ankara 1970.<\/p>\n
\u00c7avu\u015fo\u011flu, Mehmed; Necat\u00ee Bey Div\u00e2n\u0131’n\u0131n Tahl\u00eeli, \u0130stanbul 1971.<\/p>\n
Gibb, E.J.Wilkinson, Osmanl\u0131 \u015eiir Tarihi, Ankara: Ak\u00e7a\u011f 1999.<\/p>\n
Hakverdio\u011flu, Metin; Mihr\u00ee hatun Divan\u0131 (\u0130nceleme- Metin), Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi (Bas\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f), Ahmet Yesevi \u00dcnv., Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Ankara 1998.<\/p>\n
Ipekten, Haluk; Eski T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131nda Edeb\u00ee Muhitler MEB. Yay., \u0130stanbul 1996.<\/p>\n
Ipekten, Haluk; Mustafa \u0130sen Tezkirelere G\u00f6re Div\u00e2n Edebiyat\u0131 \u0130simler S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bak. Yay., Ankara 1985.<\/p>\n
Mehmet Zihni(1295), Me\u015fa\u2019ir\u00fcn-Nisa, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n
Mehmet Zihni(1295), Me\u015fa\u2019ir\u00fcn-Nisa, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n
M\u00fc\u015ftakova E. \u0130. (1967), Mihr\u012b H\u00e2tun Divan\u0131, Moskova.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 Ansiklopedisi Mihr\u00ee Mad. C. 2, Dergah Yay. \u0130stanbul 1986.<\/p>\n
Uraz, Murat (1941), Kad\u0131n \u015e\u00e2irlerimiz, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u015eEH\u0130R Y\u00dcZL\u00dc ADAMLAR Amasya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcl\u00fc Mihr\u00ee Hatun Dr. Metin HAKVERD\u0130O\u011eLU Amasya \u00dcniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi 15. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Amasya\u2019da yeti\u015fen bir g\u00fcl adeta bu \u015fehirle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Mihr\u00ee ad\u0131ndaki bu \u015faire, hem kendi asr\u0131n\u0131n hem de kendinden sonraki as\u0131rlar\u0131n ender kad\u0131n \u015fairlerinden … Okumaya devam et